PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (Theory)
UNIT-I26
- Pharmaceutical analysis- Definition and scope
- Pharmaceutical analysis- Definition and scope
- Different techniques of analysis
- Different techniques of analysis
- Methods of expressing concentration
- Methods of expressing concentration
- Primary and secondary standards.
- Primary and secondary standards.
- Preparation and standardization of various molar and normal solutionsOxalic acid
- Preparation and standardization of various molar and normal solutionsOxalic acid
- sodium hydroxide
- sodium hydroxide
- hydrochloric acid & sodium thiosulphate
- hydrochloric acid & sodium thiosulphate
- sulphuric acid
- sulphuric acid
- potassium permanganate and ceric ammonium sulphate
- potassium permanganate and ceric ammonium sulphate
- Sources of errors & types of errors
- Sources of errors & types of errors
- methods of minimizing errors
- methods of minimizing errors
- Accuracy , precision and significant figures
- Accuracy , precision and significant figures
- Short answer Questions
- Long answer question
UNIT-II 16
- Acid base titration
- Acid base titration
- Theories of acid base indicators
- Theories of acid base indicators
- classification of acid base titrations and theory involved in titrations of strong,weak ,very weak acids and bases
- classification of acid base titrations and theory involved in titrations of strongvery,very weak acids and bases
- neutralization curves
- neutralization curves
- Non aqueous titration
- Non aqueous titration
- Solvents
- Solvents
- acidimetry and alkalimetry titration and estimation of Sodium benzoate and Ephedrine HCl
- acidimetry and alkalimetry titration and estimation of Sodium benzoate and Ephedrine HCl
- short answer Questions
- Long answer Questions
UNIT-III28
- Precipitation titrations
- Precipitation titrations
- Mohr’s method
- Mohr’s method
- Volhard’s
- Volhard’s
- Modified Volhard’s, Fajans method
- Modified Volhard’s, Fajans method
- estimation of sodium chloride
- estimation of sodium chloride
- Complexometric titration
- Complexometric titration
- Classification & metal ion indicators
- Classification & metal ion indicators
- masking and demasking reagents
- masking and demasking reagents
- estimation of Magnesium sulphate and calcium gluconate.
- estimation of Magnesium sulphate and calcium gluconate.
- Gravimetry
- Gravimetry:
- Principle and steps involved in gravimetric analysis
- Principle and steps involved in gravimetric analysis
- Purity of the precipitate and co-precipitation
- Purity of the precipitate and co-precipitation
- post precipitation, Estimation of barium sulphate
- post precipitation, Estimation of barium sulphate
- short answer Questions
- Long answer Questions
UNIT-IV18
- Redox titrations
- Redox titrations
- Concepts of oxidation and reduction
- Concepts of oxidation and reduction
- Types of redox titrations (Principles and applications)
- Types of redox titrations (Principles and applications)
- Cerimetry
- Cerimetry
- Iodimetry
- Iodimetry
- Bromatometry
- Bromatometry
- Dichrometry
- Dichrometry
- Titration with potassium iodate
- Titration with potassium iodate
- short answer Questions
- Long answer Questions
UNIT-V 23
- Electrochemical methods of analysis
- Electrochemical methods of analysis
- Conductometry
- Conductometry
- Conductivity cell
- Conductivity cell
- Conductometric titrations
- Potentiometry
- Potentiometry
- Electrochemical cell, construction and working of reference (Standard hydrogen)
- Electrochemical cell, construction and working of reference (Standard hydrogen)
- silver chloride electrode and calomel electrode) and indicator electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode)
- silver chloride electrode and calomel electrode) and indicator electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode)
- methods to determine end point of potentiometric titration and applications
- methods to determine end point of potentiometric titration and applications
- Polarography
- Polarography
- Ilkovic equation
- Ilkovic equation
- construction and working of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode
- construction and working of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode
- short answer Questions
- Long answer Questions
Acid base titration
Titration
Titration means the determination of concentration or rank of a solution with respect to water with a pH of 7.
Acid base titration
The chemical reaction involved in acid-base titration is known as neutralisation reaction. It involves the combination of H3O+ ions with OH- ions to form water. In acid-base titrations, solutions of alkali are titrated against standard acid solutions.
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