Introduction

Monophasic dosage form refers to liquid preparation containing two or more components in one phase system, it is represent by true solution.

• A true solution is a clear homogenous mixture that is prepared by dissolving solute in a suitable solvent.

• The component of the solution which is present in a large quantity is known as “SOLVENT” where as the component present in small quantity is termed as “SOLUTE”.

Advantages

• It is easier to swallow, therefore easier for children and old age people.
• Facilitate absorption of drug faster than solid dosage form as drug is already in solution form.
• It is homogenous therefore give uniform dose than suspension or emulsion which need shaking.
• Simple and fast to formulate
• It can be administered by various routes : Oral, Parenteral (injection),enema for rectal use, otic(ear), nasal and ophthalmic preparation

Disadvantages

• They are bulky, so difficult to transport and store.
• Water is commonly use vehicle, which is prone to microbial growth. So addition of preservative is needed.
• When expose to direct sunlight it may undergo hydrolysis, so need to store in cool and dark place.
• Drug stability reduce by hydrolysis or oxidation. So, they have shorter expire date than solid dosage form.
•  Other major sign of drug instability are color change, Precipitation, microbial growth etc