Introduction

The clothes we wear feel very different - some are soft, some are coarse and some are silky. Also, we wear different clothes in different seasons.  Clothes cover our body and protect us from weather conditions, insect bites and of course, they make us smart and presentable too. 

Fibers, Yarn, and Fabric

1. A fabric is any material of cloth that we use.

Eg: Cotton, Jute, Wool, Silk, Nylon, Polyester

2. Fabric is made up of fine threads called yarns.

3. When we untwist a yarn to loosen it, we see that it is made up of multiple thin hair-like strands called Fibres.

4. $$ Fibres \rightarrow Yarn\rightarrow Fabric$$

        Fibres                             Yarn                               Fabric

Cotton

1. Favorable conditions for cotton -Black soil, Warm climate 

2. Cotton is grown in Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat, Rajasthan.

3.The fruits of the cotton plant, commonly called Cotton bolls. After maturing, these cotton bolls burst open and the seeds covered with cotton fibers can be seen.

4. From these cotton bolls, cotton is handpicked and fibers are separated from seeds this process known as the Ginning of cotton.

5. Cotton is usually used to make Dress materials, bed sheets, curtains, etc.

Ginning of cotton

Jute

1. Jute is obtained from the stem of the jute plant, it is cultivated during the rainy season.

2. Mainly It is grown in West Bengal, Bihar, and Assam.

3. During the flowering stage of jute, it is harvested.

4. Then, the stem of such a harvest plant is immersed in water for a few days so that they rot.

5. The fibers are separated by hand from the stem.

6. These fibers are converted into yarns by spinning and then used in fabrics.

Jute bag 

Types of fibers

1. There are predominantly 2 types of fibres.

2. Natural Fibre

3. Synthetic Fibre

4. Natural Fibre: Fibres which are obtained from plants or animals.

5. Cotton and jute are obtained from plants.

6. Wool is obtained from the fleece of sheep/goat.

7. Silk is obtained from the cocoon of silkworms

Synthetic Fibre: Fibre is made from chemical substances, which are not obtained from plants or animal sources.
Eg: Polyester and Nylon, Acrylic