Key Points

1. India lies totally in the Northern Hemisphere of the globe.
2. India mainland lies between 80.41 and 370.61 North latitudes and 680.71 and 970.251 East longitudes.
3. For India, the central longitude 820.301East is taken as Standard Meridian.
4. India Standard Time (IST) is 5 ½ hours ahead Greenwich Mean Time(GMT).
5. World landforms originated from Angara land (Laurasia) and Gondwanaland.
6. The India peninsula was part of Gondwanaland.
7. India plate moved North - East and Collided Eurasian plate resulting in the formation of the Himalayas.
8. Greater Himalayas average height is 6100 mts.
9. The Pirpanjal and Mahabharata ranges are in the part of lesser Himalayas.
10. Valley of Kashmir, the Kangra and Kulu, Hill Stations Simla, Mussoorie, Nainital, Ranikhet are in lesser Himalayas.
11. The Valleys lying between the Himachal and Shivaliks are Duns. The prominent Duns are Dehradun, Kotli Dun Patli Dun.
12. The easternmost boundary of the Himalayas is the Brahmaputra valley.
13. The divisions of the Himalayas in Arunachal Pradesh beyond the Dihang valley is known as Purvanchal.
14. Regionally the purvanchal are known as patkai hills, the Naga hills, Manipuri hills, Khasi and Mizo hills.
15. The Himalayas are a reason for summer rains and monsoon type climate in India.
16. 'Doab' means two rivers. In the western part of the great northern plain, the 'Doab' features dominate the fertile land.
17. Ganga plain extends from the rivers Ghaggar to Teesta.
18. Gravel and pebble sediments feature is known as ' Bhabar' .
19. A swampy and Marshy region called Terai.
20. The Southernmost tip of the Peninsular Plateau is Kanyakumari.
21. The India Plateau is slightly tilted towards east.
22. Chotanagpur plateau is rich mineral resources.
23. Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats and Nilgiris form Western, Eastern and Southern boundaries to the Deccan plateau.
24. The famous hill Station Udagamandalam, popularly known as Ooty, is located in Nilgiris.
25. Doda Betta (2637 mts) is the highest peak in the Western Ghats.
26. The highest peak in the Eastern Ghats is Aroya Konda found at Chinthapalli (1680 mts , in the A.P ).
27. The Peninsular plateau is formed with black soils due to volcanic activity.
28. The Thar Desert is located on the leeward side of Aravalis.
29. The Thar Desert receives a very low amount of rainfall (100 to 150 mm per year)
30. 'Luni' is the only river in the Thar Desert.
31. 'Indira Gandhi Canal' is the longest canal in Country (650 kms) watering part of the Thar desert.
32. The western coast starts from the Rann of Kutch and ends at Kanya Kumari.
33. Lake Kolleru and Pulicat are in Andhra Pradesh.
34. In Andaman and Nicobar, Narkondam and Barren are a volcanic origin.
35. The Southernmost tip India is found in Nicobar called as ' Indira Point'.